Ziadiah state (818-1019):

The founder of Ziadiah state was Mohammed Ziad, who was sent by Al-Abasian caliph (Al-Mamoon) to destroy Al-Alaween’s revolution in Tehamah, was able to expend his power to Jizan and capturing Aden, Hadramout and Alsher in the east. He headed to mountains and captured Sana’a, Sada and Najran. Its rulers were Persians. Its center was Zabeed.

Al-Yafariya state (840-1003):

Yafer was the founder of this country, who was nominated by caliph to be in charge of Sana’a before he founded it. The disputes started between Yafer family members so this weakened the country to be destroyed later.

Ziadian Emamate state (898-1962):

Hussein Al-Rasi from Ras near Madena Almonawara was the founder. The country center was Sadah, in spite of, Hussein couldn’t capture the whole country, and he made it popular in Yemen in 1962.

Al-Najahiya state (1013-1150):

Najah, who was originally from Habash, founded it on the ruins of Ziadian country. The rulers of the country were Al-Ahbash as a result. Zabeed was its center, which was close to the beach of the Red Sea across Habashian coasts.

Al-Soliehiya state (1045-1138):

It was founded by Ismail Mohammed Al-Soliehi, who was a propagandist for Ismailian belief, was one of Emam Esmail Jafer Al-Sadeq companions, who secretly contacted with Fatimian caliphs in Egypt considering them Emams of Ismailian belief. The country center was Jeblah. He was able to unite Yemen parts after destroying small independent countries in Sana’a, Zabeed, Aljanad, Aden, Hathramot and Jezan. This unification didn’t continue except for afew years. After that, some countries have gained independence, which were Zerea state in Aden, Al-Hatimiya state in Sana’a and Solimaniya in Jizan. Ismail’s wife, “Queen Arwa AlSoliehi”, has succeeded him. The Fatimian power remains until Ayobians have been destroyed. There is still an Ismailian group in Yemen called Bamba related to Najranian Bam tribes.

Ayobia state (1174-1229):

There is no doubt that extension of Fatimiya country to Yemen via Alsoliehiya country was one of the factors that encouraged Saleh Aldeen Alayobi who destroyed Fatimiya country in Egypt and addressed Abasian caliph to send his troops there. When princes of Al-Mekhlaph Alsolemani asked him for help in Jezan against who didn’t submit to them, he sent his brother Noran Shah in 1173 with a lot of skillful troops who destroyed independent countries and buit Ayobia country whose sovereignty was for Kordians.

Al-Rasoliya state (1229-1454):

This country was founded on the ruins of Ayobia country by Kordians and Mamaleek elements that Ayobians have brought to Yemen. This country also played an important role in Yemen history. In its powerful period, it succeeded to unite most of Yemeni regions under its control. It also extended its power to eastern African coast and Mecca in some places and commercially contacted with other countries toward China in the east.

Al-Taheriya state (1454-1517):

Bano Taher was the founder, who was Rasolians from Aden and Lahj. The kings of the country tried to unite Yemen under their control but they couldn’t because of Ziadian Emans and some Mamaleek. Hence Yemen remained split between them until the period of Al-Sultan Amr Abdulwahab Altaheri who succeeded to unite most of the country parts under his control. In his period of rule, Aden was the most commercial country in the world but he was killed near Sana’a that he tried to liberate from Mamaleek who settled in Zabeed. Al-Sultan Al-Taheri was not satisfied by their existence, so they brought him down. This causes a big commotion and disturbances in Yemen for along time. Mamaleek or the member’s of Sultan Amer were not able to control the situations in Yemen. This followed by a long dispute between three powers, Ziadian leaded by Imam Sharaf Aldeen and the rest of Altaherian families and Mamaleek. When Authmanian came to Yemen in 1517, Ziadian power has extended to most of Yemen. Representatives the Authmanian power on the coastal in the Red Sea, as well as Altaherian power in Aden included Mamaleek’s power.

Authmanian existence:

First existence in 1538

Second existence (1571-1635)

Third existence and the last (1872-1918)

Authmanians continued to control most of northern parts of Yemen to be replaced by Imamate rule instead of them. In 1839, Britain has occupied the southern part of Yemen.

On 26 of September 1962, the revolution has started in the north finishing royal rule. As a result, 14 of October 1963 revolution has began against British occupation and against what was called Arab Southern Emirates Unification which included Aden and 22 Sultanates, Emirates and tribes. All of them were under British protection until 30 of November 1967, the day that independence has declared. It was expected that British departure would cause a whole united Yemeni country but the National Front that was in charge has declared its independence and starting a new Yemeni country that took the name of People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen. Its capital city was Aden. In the north, Arab Republic of Yemen has initiated by making Sana’a its capital city. The authority has also moved in that period from military leadership that was newly supported to tribal leadership and different military forces with Egypt. The southern leadership has justified its refusal of the Yemen unification with the reactionary flow frown it’s point of view which is an ideological situation that find it’s base in adopting political systems in the south, after ideological Leninian Marxism. While political system was heading in the north toward more preservation and

traditionalism that causes increasing of political conflicts between the two parts throughout 30 years ranges between internal conflict and international partial conflict with the statement “ two wars have broken out in 1972 and 1979), the rule sequenced by ten presidents five in each part.